Semaglutide is a long-acting synthetic peptide belonging to the class of GLP-1 receptor agonists (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 receptor agonists). It is engineered to mimic the physiological actions of the endogenous incretin hormone GLP-1, while exhibiting far greater stability, potency, and duration of action. Rather than functioning as a simple appetite suppressant, semaglutide acts as a central metabolic regulator, influencing appetite control, glucose homeostasis, and energy balance through coordinated neuro-endocrine pathways.